Bạn ơi , câu 1 sao dd NaCl lại tác dụng với NaCl v ?

a)

$K_2SO_4 + BaCl_2 \to BaSO_4 + 2KCl$

b)

$n_{K_2SO_4} = 0,2.2 = 0,4(mol)$
$n_{BaCl_2} = 0,3.1 = 0,3(mol)$

Ta thấy : 

$n_{K_2SO_4} : 1 > n_{BaCl_2} : 1$ nên $K_2SO_4$ dư

$n_{BaSO_4} = n_{BaCl_2} = 0,3(mol)$
$m_{BaSO_4} = 0,3.233 = 69,9(gam)$

c) $n_{K_2SO_4} = 0,4 - 0,3 = 0,1(mol)$

$V_{dd\ sau\ pư} = 0,2 + 0,3 = 0,5(lít)$

$C_{M_{K_2SO_4} } = \dfrac{0,1}{0,5} = 0,2M$
$C_{M_{KCl}} = \dfrac{0,6}{0,5} = 1,2M$

HCl + AgNO₃ ➜ AgCl↓ + HNO₃

\(n_{HCl}=0,2\times2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{AgNO_3}=0,3\times2=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=n_{AgNO_3}\)

Theo bài: \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{AgNO_3}\)

Vì \(\dfrac{2}{3}< 1\) ⇒ dd HCl hết, dd AgNO₃ dư

Theo PT: \(n_{AgCl}=n_{HCl}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{AgCl}=0,4\times143,5=57,4\left(g\right)\)

Dung dịch B gồm: AgNO₃ dư và HNO₃

Theo PT: \(n_{AgNO_3}pư=n_{HCl}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{AgNO_3}dư=0,6-0,4=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{HNO_3}=n_{HCl}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Sigma n_{ctB}=n_{AgNO_3}dư+n_{HNO_3}=0,2+0,4=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Sigma m_{ddB}=0,2+0,3=0,5\left(l\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{ddB}}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,5}=1,2\left(M\right)\)

HCl + AgNO₃ ➜ AgCl↓ + HNO₃

\(n_{HCl}=0,2\times2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{AgNO_3}=0,3\times2=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=n_{AgNO_3}\)

Theo bài: \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{AgNO_3}\)

Vì \(\dfrac{2}{3}< 1\) ⇒ dd HCl hết, dd AgNO₃ dư

Theo PT: \(n_{AgCl}=n_{HCl}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{AgCl}=0,4\times143,5=57,4\left(g\right)\)

Dung dịch B gồm: AgNO₃ dư và HNO₃

\(\Sigma m_{ddB}=0,2+0,3=0,5\left(l\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{HNO_3}=n_{HCl}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{AgNO_3}pư=n_{HCl}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{AgNO_3}dư=0,6-0,4=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Sigma n_{ctB}=n_{AgNO_3}dư+n_{HNO_3}=0,2+0,4=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{ddB}}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,5}=1,2\left(M\right)\)

\(n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{150.16,64\%}{137+35.2}=0,12\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{100.14,7\%}{98}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

Phương trình hóa học : 

BaCl₂ + H₂SO₄ -----> BaSO₄ + 2HCl 

Dễ thấy \(\dfrac{n_{BaCl_2}}{1}< \dfrac{n_{H_2SO_4}}{1}\Rightarrow H_2SO_4\text{ dư }0,15-0,12=0,03\left(mol\right)\)

c) Khối lượng kết tủa : 

\(m_{BaSO_4}=0,12.233=27,96\) (g) 

Khối lượng chất tan : \(m_{HCl}=0,24.36,5=8,76\left(g\right)\) ; 

\(m_{H_2SO_4\left(\text{dư}\right)}=0,03.98=2,94\left(g\right)\) 

c) \(C\%_{H_2SO_4}\)= \(\dfrac{2,94}{150+100}.100\%=1,176\%\)

_{\(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{8,76}{150+100}.100\%=3.504\%\)}

d) NaOH + HCl ---> NaCl + H₂O 

      0,24 <-- 0,24

       mol       mol

    2NaOH + H₂SO₄  ---> Na₂SO₄ + 2H₂O

  0,06 mol <-- 0,03 mol  

\(\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=0,24+0,06=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{NaOH}=0,3.2=0,6\left(l\right)\)

a. PTHH    BaCl2 + H2SO4 → BaSO4↓ + 2HCl

b. _ mBaCl2 = 16,61.150:100 = 24,96 g

nBaCl2 = 24.96:208 = 0,12 mol

_ mH2SO4 = 14,7.100:100 = 14,7 g

nH2SO4 = 14,7:98 = 0,15 mol

Ta thấy: nBaCl2 < nH2SO4 ⇒ BaCl2 hết, H2SO4 dư

a. PTHH: AgNO₃ + HCl ---> AgCl↓ + HNO₃

b. Ta có: \(n_{AgNO_3}=\dfrac{42,5}{170}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{AgCl}=n_{AgNO_3}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(m_{AgCl}=0,25.143,5=35,875\left(g\right)\)

c. Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=n_{AgCl}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

Đổi 100ml = 0,1 lít

=> \(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,25}{0,1}=2,5M\)

Của dd axit nha

\(n_{AgNO3}=0,3\cdot1=0,3\) (mol)

n_HCl =0,5 . 0,5= 0,25 (mol)

_{AgNO3 + HCl -----> \(AgCl\downarrow+HNO3\)}

0,25<--- 0,25--->0,25---->0,25

=>\(n_{AgCl}=0,25\) (mol)

m_AgCl =0,25 . 143,5=35,875(g)

b)\(m_{dd_{ }sau_{ }pứ}\)=300 +500=800(ml)

m_HNO3 =0,25 . 63 =15,75(g)

C_%HNO3= \(\dfrac{15,75}{800}\cdot100\%=1,96\%\)

n_{AgNO3 dư} =0,3 - 0,25 =0,05 (mol)

m_{AgNO3 dư} =0,05 . 143,5=7,175(g)

\(C_{\%AgNO3_{ }dư}\)=\(\dfrac{7,175}{800}\cdot100\%=0,897\%\)

1.

BaCl₂ + Na₂SO₄ -> BaSO₄ + 2NaCl (1)

n_BaCl2=0,1(mol)

Từ 1:

n_BaCl2=n_Na2SO4=n_BaSO4=0,1(mol)

m_BaSO4=0,1.233=23,3(g)

m_Na2SO4=0,1.142=14,2(g)

C% dd Na₂SO₄=\(\dfrac{14,2}{400}.100\%=3,55\%\)

2.

CaCl₂ + 2AgNO₃ -> Ca(NO₃)₂ + 2AgCl (1)

Hiện tượng:có kết tủa trắng xuất hiện

b;

n_AgNO3=0,4(mol)

Từ 1:

n_AgCl=n_AgNO3=0,4(mol)

n_Ca(NO3)2=\(\dfrac{1}{2}\)n_AgNO3=0,2(mol)

m_AgCl=143,5.0,4=57,4(g)

C_M dd Ca(NO₃)₂=\(\dfrac{0,2}{0,5}=0,4M\)

PTHH: \(BaCl_2+H_2SO_4\rightarrow BaSO_4+2HCl\)

a) Ta có: \(n_{BaCl_2}=\frac{20,8}{208}=0,1\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=0,1mol\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=98\cdot0,1=9,8\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\frac{9,8}{9,8\%}=100\left(g\right)\)

b) Theo PTHH: \(n_{BaCl_2}=n_{BaSO_4}=0,1mol\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{BaSO_4}=0,1\cdot233=23,3\left(g\right)\)

c) Theo PTHH: \(n_{BaCl_2}:n_{HCl}=1:2\) \(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=0,2mol\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,2\cdot36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\)

Ta có: \(m_{dd}=m_{BaCl_2}+m_{ddH_2SO_4}-m_{BaSO_4}=20,8+100-23,3=97,5\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow C\%_{HCl}=\frac{7,3}{97,5}\cdot100\approx7,49\%\)